比特派钱包下载中文版苹果|borrow和lend的用法

作者: 比特派钱包下载中文版苹果
2024-03-16 19:17:56

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Borrow 与 Lend 的英语用法区别 - 哔哩哔哩

ow 与 Lend 的英语用法区别 - 哔哩哔哩 Borrow 与 Lend 的英语用法区别场景英语

关注专栏/Borrow 与 Lend 的英语用法区别Borrow 与 Lend 的英语用法区别

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场景英语粉丝:12.3万文章:1

关注Borrow是借进、拿过来,是把本不属于自己的东西拿过来暂时使用。在英语中相当于take。Lend是借出、给出去,是把本属于自己的东西给别人暂时使用。在英语中相当于give。  从这两个词的意思上看是很容区分的,但在实际使用中却是非常容易出现错误。请看下面例句: 你能借我你的铅笔吗?Can you borrow me your pencil? 我能借你的铅笔吗?Can I borrow your pencil?   以上两句话哪个是正确的呢?如果仔细分析,会发现第一句是错误的。然而,在实际中,这种错误却是经常发生,你是不是也中过招呢?中招的原因就是我们汉语的意思都有“借”,而且都习惯说“借给”, “谁借了谁的,谁借给了谁”,大脑中总摆脱不了“借”这个词,这就是在说英语时总想到“借=borrow”,所以就总想到用borrow而想不到用lend了。   为了避免这种错误的频繁发生,以及更深入地理解和使用好Borrow 和 Lend这两个词,我整理出了一系列的练习句子,完全可以通过这一系列的句子,来逐渐摆脱中文思维的干扰,而逐步培养锻炼出英文的思维能力。   下面请体验。(为了更有益于英文思维的培育,这一系列例句不做中文翻译。) I need to borrow a bike for the weekend.Who can lend me a bike?Mark might lend a bike to me.I'm going to ask Mark if I can borrow his bike.Mark, can I borrow your bike for the weekend?Mark, can you lend me your bike for the weekend?Mark, can you lend your bike to me for the weekend?Yes, I can lend my bike to you for the weekend.Yes, I can lend you my bike for the weekend.Yes, you can borrow my bike for the weekend.Yes, you can borrow my bike from me for the weekend.Yes, my bike can be borrowed by you for the weekend.Yes, my bike can be lent to you for the weekend.Mark lent his bike to me.Mark lent me his bike.I borrowed a bike from Mark.You borrowed my bike last weekend, and I need it back now.I lent my bike to you last weekend, and I need it back now.Could I borrow your bike for more days?Could you lend your bike to me for more days?Could you lend me your bike for more days?If you want to borrow more days, I will lend you a few more days.Thank you for lending me your bike for more days.Thank you for lending your bike to me for more days.Mark promised to lend me his bike for more days.Mark promised to lend his bike to me for more days.I have borrowed a bike form Mark for 5 days.I have borrowed Mark’s bike for 5 days.Mark’s bike has been borrowed by me for 5 days.Mark had to lend his bike to me for 5 days.Mark had to lend me his bike for 5 days.   您读完这一系列的例句有什么感觉呢?请将您的感觉留言在评论区。如果您觉得还有更多、更好的例句可以添加到这一系列的例句中,更请在评论区里留言,我会陆续修改添加到这一系列的例句中,供大家练习。   此外,还希望大家多多纠错指教,我们一起学习,共同成长。本文为我原创本文禁止转载或摘编

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Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”? - Chinadaily.com.cn

Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”? - Chinadaily.com.cn

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Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”?

 

内容简介

动词 “lend” 和 “borrow” 都有 “借” 的意思,但一个是 “借出”,一个是 “借入”。你能分清这对近义词之间的区别吗?怎样用英语表达从一个人那里 “借来” 一件事物?怎样表达把某物 “借给” 一个人?看视频,学习用这两个动词说 “借”。

文字稿

I’m Georgina from BBC Learning English. Have you ever thought about the difference between lend and borrow? They are both verbs but they are used in different ways.

Lend means to give something to someone, generally for a short time.

For example: The bank lent me some money.

If you want to say who you lent something to, you can use the preposition ‘to’.

I lent my mobile phone to James.

Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?

Borrow means to ask someone for something.

Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?

If you want to say who you borrowed something from, you can use the preposition ‘from’.

For example:I borrowed a book from the library.

Oh, I’m late! I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting – got to go!

用法总结

1 动词 “lend” 用来描述 “一个人把某样东西借给另一个人” 的动作,意思是 “借出,借给”。我们可以用搭配 “lend something to someone” 或 “lend someone something” 来说明 “借给某人”。

The bank lent me some money.

I lent my mobile phone to James.

Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?

2 动词 “borrow” 用来描述 “一个人向他人请求借入某样东西” 的动作,意思是 “借入,借来”。我们可以用搭配 “borrow something from someone” 来说明 “从某人处借来”。

Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?

I borrowed a book from the library.

I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting.

3 可以这样记忆:句子里出现 “lend”,主语是借出、提供物品的人;句子里出现 “borrow”,主语是借入、使用物品的人。

She lent me her bike. = I borrowed her bike.  (The bike is hers)

I lent him my book. = He borrowed my book.  (The book is mine)

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borrow和lend通过什么区分? - 知乎

borrow和lend通过什么区分? - 知乎首页知乎知学堂发现等你来答​切换模式登录/注册英语英语学习borrow和lend通过什么区分?很抱歉在这里提问,但是百度真心看不懂。 比如说 她借给我一支笔 borrow为"借入"lend是"借出" 那是用borrow还是lend呢 对她而言是…显示全部 ​关注者11被浏览17,716关注问题​写回答​邀请回答​好问题 2​1 条评论​分享​11 个回答默认排序阿丁的猫​英语话题下的优秀答主​ 关注你可以把lend和borrow替换为我们很熟悉的两个词。lend表示“借出”,所以,lend = giveborrow表示“借入”,所以,borrow = receive一切就都变的很简单了。做一个练习吧:如果要表示“她借给我一支笔”,你可以试着用上面的替换思路,试着用“borrow”或“lend”填下面的两个空。I _____ a pen from her.She ____ a pen to me.是不是想填错都很难了呢。码字不易,请点个赞再走吧~更多文章请点击我的知乎专栏《英语语法其实蛮简单》编辑于 2021-10-15 17:48​赞同 54​​3 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​木南言兑感受英語最大的善意​ 关注谢邀:首先这两个词的词组如下:borrow something from someone 从某人那里借入某物lend something to someone / lend someone something借出某物给某人“她借给我一支笔。”如果我们就按照中文的顺序翻译那么“她She”就是主语,对于主语就是“借出”用"lend" 过去式"lent"She lent a pen to me. / She lent me a pen. 如果我们把主语换成“我I”,那么对于主语就是“借入”用"borrow" I borrowed a pen from her. I hope this is helpful. 发布于 2018-03-25 21:31​赞同 13​​4 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢

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辨析--lend/borrow - 知乎

辨析--lend/borrow - 知乎首发于讲透英语语法切换模式写文章登录/注册辨析--lend/borrow司马特饿英语语法+编程爱好者Lend和borrow都能翻译成:借。通常我们说lend是借出,而borrow是借入。lend是双宾语动词,lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb.borrow是单宾语动词,borrow sth.(from sb.)这两者的本质在于主语身份的不同lend的主语是物品的拥有者;而borrow的主语是物品的借入者I lent him a ruler.(主语I是ruler的拥有者)He borrowed a ruler form me.(主语He是ruler的借入者)发布于 2022-10-06 21:26词汇辨析字词辨析​赞同 1​​添加评论​分享​喜欢​收藏​申请转载​文章被以下专栏收录讲透英语语法语法是对大多数的总结,不

动词用法:borrow 与 lend 的同与异_英语_新东方在线

动词用法:borrow 与 lend 的同与异_英语_新东方在线

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动词用法:borrow 与 lend 的同与异

2023-02-18 07:09:00来源:新东方在线整理

borrow 与 lend 的同与异

1. 两者都可表示“借”,但是 borrow 指“借入”,而 lend 则指“借出”,两者其实是一对反义词,而不是同义词。如:

Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的自行车吗?

I never lend books; you never get them back. 我的书决不外借,因为总是有去无回。

Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不贷。

2. 从句型上看,lend 可接双宾语,即可用于 lend sb sth,该句型也可说成lend sth to sb。如:

She lent him some money. 她借给他一些钱。

She lent some money to him. 她借给他一些钱。

这样用的 lend 有时还可用于被动语态。如:

You were lent ten thousand pounds last year. 去年借给你1万英镑。

但是注意,borrow 不能接双宾语,即不能用于 borrow sb sth;要表示向某人借某物,英语可用borrow sth from sb。如:

误:He borrowed her some money.

正:He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些钱。

3. 两者本来是非延续性动词,但有时可以与一段时间连用,表示借用的时间。如:

Can I borrow your pen for a moment? 你的钢笔我可以借用一会儿吗?

He borrowed a car from a friend for a few days. 他向朋友借汽车用了几天。

Could you lend me five pounds until tomorrow? 你借给我5英镑,明天还你,行吗?

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英语动词用法:borrow 与 lend 的同与异_英语_新东方在线

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英语动词用法:borrow 与 lend 的同与异

2023-10-13 19:36:06来源:新东方在线

borrow 与 lend 的同与异 1. 两者都可表示“借”,但是 borrow 指“借入”,而 lend 则指“借出”,两者其实是一对反义词,而不是同义词。如:Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的自行车吗?I never lend books; you never get them back. 我的书决不外借,因为总是有去无回。Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不贷。2. 从句型上看,lend 可接双宾语,即可用于 lend sb sth,该句型也可说成lend sth to sb。如:She lent him some money. 她借给他一些钱。She lent some money to him. 她借给他一些钱。这样用的 lend 有时还可用于被动语态。如:You were lent ten thousand pounds last year. 去年借给你1万英镑。但是注意,borrow 不能接双宾语,即不能用于 borrow sb sth;要表示向某人借某物,英语可用borrow sth from sb。如:误:He borrowed her some money.正:He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些钱。3. 两者本来是非延续性动词,但有时可以与一段时间连用,表示借用的时间。如:Can I borrow your pen for a moment? 你的钢笔我可以借用一会儿吗?He borrowed a car from a friend for a few days. 他向朋友借汽车用了几天。Could you lend me five pounds until tomorrow? 你借给我5英镑,明天还你,行吗? 听乔迪老师的课程,掌握五大基础句型  学习英语动词的经验可以概括为以下几点:  1. 基础理解:首先要对动词的基本分类和功能理解清楚,如行为动词,链接动词,助动词等。了解动词的时态,语态,语气等变化情况。  2. 带上例句:学习新的动词时,建议带上例句,这样可以帮助你更好地理解动词的使用环境和含义。同时也可以提高记忆力。  3. 词根词缀:在学习新的动词时,试着从词根词缀上找一些相似之处,这样有助于增强记忆力。  4. 创造机会实践:英语是一门实践性很强的语言,只有不断实践才能将所学习的知识内化成自己的能力。可以通过写作,口语交流等方式来实践和应用所学习到的动词。  5. 多维度记忆:千万不要只是死记硬背,可以通过音标,词形,用法等多维度进行记忆,这样记住的可能性就大大提高。  6. 细化学习:尽量将动词细化,分为常用动词,生活动词,工作动词,学术动词等,这样可以更有针对性的学习。  7. 定期复习:对于已经学过的动词,要定期进行复习。人的记忆是有遗忘曲线的,所以定期复习可以帮助巩固记忆。  8. 创造联系:将新学习的动词与已知的词汇或者是生活中的具体场景联系起来,帮助记忆。  9. 应用到实际生活中:尽量将你学到的动词应用到实际生活或者工作中去,这样不仅能够帮助你更好的记忆,而且还能提高你的英语应用能力。

本文关键字:

borrow

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I am used to going about alone 我习惯于独来独

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关键字 :

系动词的用法

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一、连系动词基本用法

连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词,它与其后的表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有be(是),become(成为),get(变

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系动词的用法

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He appeared to be talking to himself 他仿佛在跟自己讲话。

Sh

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They became great friends 他们成了莫逆之交。

He aims to become a compu

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look, sound, smell, taste, feel的用法特点

当这几个词用作连系动词的时候,它们的意思分别是看起来、听起来、闻起来、尝起来、摸起来,其用法特点如下:

特点一

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关键字 :

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seem to be中的to be何时可以省略

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当seem后接形容词作表语时,如果谈的是客观事实,即看上去肯定是真实的东西,通常

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关键字 :

系动词的用法

become用作连系动词的用法

become用作连系动词,意为成为,其后可接:

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They became great friends 他们成了莫逆之交。

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连系动词appear的用法

appear用作连系动词,其意为似乎好像,其后的表语可以是:

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He appeared to be talking to himself 他仿佛在跟自己讲话。

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The handle has come loose 这个把柄松了。

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英语连系动词的分类

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如何区分半连系动词

appear的用法

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look, sound, smell, taste, feel的用法特点

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become用作连系动词的用法

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borrow 与 lend 的同与异_用法辨析_英语语法网

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borrow 与 lend 的同与异

作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2017-01-08

1. 两者都可表示“借”,但是 borrow 指“借入”,而 lend 则指“借出”,两者其实是一对反义词,而不是同义词。如:

Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的自行车吗?

I never lend books; you never get them back. 我的书决不外借,因为总是有去无回。

Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不贷。

2. 从句型上看,lend 可接双宾语,即可用于 lend sb sth,该句型也可说成lend sth to sb。如:

She lent him some money. 她借给他一些钱。

She lent some money to him. 她借给他一些钱。

这样用的 lend 有时还可用于被动语态。如:

You were lent ten thousand pounds last year. 去年借给你1万英镑。

但是注意,borrow 不能接双宾语,即不能用于 borrow sb sth;要表示向某人借某物,英语可用borrow sth from sb。如:

误:He borrowed her some money.

正:He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些钱。

3. 两者本来是非延续性动词,但有时可以与一段时间连用,表示借用的时间。如:

Can I borrow your pen for a moment? 你的钢笔我可以借用一会儿吗?

He borrowed a car from a friend for a few days. 他向朋友借汽车用了几天。

Could you lend me five pounds until tomorrow? 你借给我5英镑,明天还你,行吗?

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rather than的用法

副词的用法

原因状语从句

英语倒装句

非限制性定语从句

非谓语动词

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BBC Learning English - 一分钟英语 / Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”?

BBC Learning English - 一分钟英语 / Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”?

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intermediate level

Lend 和 borrow “借出” 还是 “借入”?

Episode 210716

/ 16 Jul 2021

To play this video you need to enable JavaScript.内容简介

动词 “lend” 和 “borrow” 都有 “借” 的意思,但一个是 “借出”,一个是 “借入”。你能分清这对近义词之间的区别吗?怎样用英语表达从一个人那里 “借来” 一件事物?怎样表达把某物 “借给” 一个人?看视频,学习用这两个动词说 “借”。

文字稿

I’m Georgina from BBC Learning English. Have you ever thought about the difference between lend and borrow? They are both verbs but they are used in different ways.

Lend means to give something to someone, generally for a short time.

For example: The bank lent me some money.

If you want to say who you lent something to, you can use the preposition ‘to’.

I lent my mobile phone to James.

Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?

Borrow means to ask someone for something.

Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?

If you want to say who you borrowed something from, you can use the preposition ‘from’.

For example:I borrowed a book from the library.

Oh, I’m late! I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting – got to go!

用法总结

1. 动词 “lend” 用来描述 “一个人把某样东西借给另一个人” 的动作,意思是 “借出,借给”。我们可以用搭配 “lend something to someone” 或 “lend someone something” 来说明 “借给某人”。 

The bank lent me some money.

I lent my mobile phone to James.

Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?

2. 动词 “borrow” 用来描述 “一个人向他人请求借入某样东西” 的动作,意思是 “借入,借来”。我们可以用搭配 “borrow something from someone” 来说明 “从某人处借来”。

Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?

I borrowed a book from the library.

I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting.

3. 可以这样记忆:句子里出现 “lend”,主语是借出、提供物品的人;句子里出现 “borrow”,主语是借入、使用物品的人。

She lent me her bike. = I borrowed her bike.  (The bike is hers)

I lent him my book. = He borrowed my book.  (The book is mine)

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/ 17 Jul 2020 Here's Phil to fill you in on five ways to use 'in' with time expressions!“Pick up” 的三种用法 Episode 200710

/ 10 Jul 2020 Kee is keen to tell you all about three ways to use 'pick up'如何区分 "stop doing” 和 “stop to do” Episode 200703

/ 03 Jul 2020 Sian has a quick lesson about the difference between 'stop doing' and 'stop to do'Four British slang words 四个英国人常用的俚语 Episode 200626

/ 26 Jun 2020 Learn four slang words British people use in informal situations 冠词 “the” 的用法 Episode 200619

/ 19 Jun 2020 When and how do we use the word 'the'?All the time & every time 区别是什么? Episode 200612

/ 12 Jun 2020 Sam explains the difference between 'every time' and 'all the time' in just 60 seconds搭配 “come back” 和 “go back” 有什么区别? Episode 200605

/ 05 Jun 2020 Sam explains the difference between 'come back' and 'go back'单词 “get” 的五种用法 Episode 200529

/ 29 May 2020 See Sian explain five different uses of 'get' - and one very bad jokeThree ways to say 'zero' 用三种方式说 “没有” Episode 200522

/ 22 May 2020 Sam looks at the difference between 'no', 'not any' and 'none'“Must” 和 “have to” 的区别 Episode 200515

/ 15 May 2020 Kee is keen to explain the difference between 'must' and 'have to'“做” 运动:play, do, go 该用哪个? Episode 200508

/ 08 May 2020 Phil finalises the use of 'play', 'do' and 'go' for sports用法辨析:person 和 people Episode 200501

/ 01 May 2020 Four confusing words - how do we tell them apart?描述过去发生的事,用 “history” 还是 “story”? Episode 200424

/ 24 Apr 2020 Dan has a quick and simple lesson about the difference between 'history' and 'story' Collective nouns 集合名词用法小窍门 Episode 200417

/ 17 Apr 2020 Dan divulges a secret about collective nouns“Take off” 的三种用法 Episode 200410

/ 10 Apr 2020 Here comes Kee to keep you in the know with three ways to use 'take off'Too & very 的区别 Episode 200403

/ 03 Apr 2020 Watch Phil explain exactly how to use 'too' and 'very'如何使用 “would rather” Episode 200327

/ 27 Mar 2020 Learn how to use this phrase to express what you prefer to do怎样用 “used to” 描述往事? Episode 200320

/ 20 Mar 2020 Tom explains how to talk about repeated actions, habits or states in the pastReal conditionals 真实条件句 Episode 200313

/ 13 Mar 2020 Phil tells you how to make a real conditional 如何区分 “raise” 和 “rise” Episode 200306

/ 06 Mar 2020 Sian looks at the difference between these two very similar wordsPresent continuous vs present simple 如何区分现在进行时和一般现在时 Episode 200228

/ 28 Feb 2020 Phil explains how to talk about actions in the presentActive vs passive 主动语态和被动语态的区别和用法 Episode 200221

/ 21 Feb 2020 Kee tells you about active and passive sentences用法区分:Mustn’t 和 don’t have to Episode 200214

/ 14 Feb 2020 'Must' and 'have to' are both used to describe obligations - what about their negative forms?Make & do 四大用法和区别 Episode 200207

/ 07 Feb 2020 Phil has four things to say about 'make' and 'do'Notify vs let someone know 正式与非正式场合中 “通知他人” 的说法 Episode 200131

/ 31 Jan 2020 When do we use 'notify' and when do we use 'let someone know'? Appointment vs meeting “约人”:正式说法和非正式说法 Episode 200124

/ 24 Jan 2020 Learn two expressions to talk about a formal or informal meeting“If only” 的三种用法 Episode 200117

/ 17 Jan 2020 Find out how to use the phrase 'if only' with English In A Minute!“Have something done” 的两大用法 Episode 200110

/ 10 Jan 2020 Do you cut your own hair or have your hair cut?“Hard” 五个意思及用法 Episode 200103

/ 03 Jan 2020 Do you know what the word 'hard' means? 如何使用 “for” 和 “since” Episode 191227

/ 27 Dec 2019 What's the difference between the two prepositions when they're used to talk about time?How to talk about dreams 谈论 “梦想” Episode 191220

/ 20 Dec 2019 Do you know how to talk about dreams?“Actually” 五种使用方法 Episode 191213

/ 13 Dec 2019 How do we use the word 'actually'?“Steal” 和 “rob” 的区别 Episode 191206

/ 06 Dec 2019 Tom explains the difference between 'steal' and 'rob'如何使用 “both、either” 和 “neither” Episode 191129

/ 29 Nov 2019 Find out how to use 'both', 'either' and 'neither' with English In A Minute!So vs such 如何使用 “so” 和 “such” Episode 191122

/ 22 Nov 2019 Do you know the difference between ‘so’ and ‘such’?How to use 'wish' “Wish” 的用法 Episode 191115

/ 15 Nov 2019 Watch Tom explain exactly how to use the verb 'wish'Fun vs funny 如何区分 “fun” 和 “funny” Episode 191108

/ 08 Nov 2019 Phil tells you how to use the words 'fun' and 'funny'查看所有 一分钟英语

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Lend or borrow ? - 当代英语语法 - 剑桥在线词典

Lend or borrow ? - 当代英语语法 - 剑桥在线词典

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Lend or borrow?

Grammar > Easily confused words > Lend or borrow? 来自English Grammar Today

Lend means ‘give something to someone for a short time, expecting that you will get it back’. The past simple and the -ed form are lent:I never lend my CDs to anyone.I lent Gary £30. (I expect that Gary will return this to me)Borrow is a regular verb meaning ‘get something from someone, intending to give it back after a short time’:Could I borrow your pen for a minute, please?Laura used to borrow money from me all the time.Typical errorWhen you give something, you lend it; when you get or receive something, you borrow it:Can I borrow your dictionary?Not: Can I lend your dictionary?

 

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something that you do, or a thing that you give someone, that expresses your feelings or intentions, although it might have little practical effect

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 Adjectives and adverbs Adjectives Adjectives Adjectives: forms Adjectives: order Adjective phrases Adjective phrases: functions Adjective phrases: position Adjectives and adjective phrases: typical errors Comparative and superlative adjectives Comparison: adjectives (bigger, biggest, more interesting) Comparison: clauses (bigger than we had imagined) Comparison: comparisons of equality (as tall as his father) As … as Adverbs Adverbs Adverb phrases Adverbs and adverb phrases: position Adverbs and adverb phrases: typical errors Adverbs: forms Adverbs: functions Adverbs: types Comparison: adverbs (worse, more easily) Degree adverbs Fairly Intensifiers (very, at all) Largely Much, a lot, lots, a good deal: adverbs Pretty Quite Rather Really Scarcely Very Time adverbs About Ago Already Always Early Ever Hardly ever, rarely, scarcely, seldom Next No longer, not any longer No more, not any more Now Often Once Soon Still Then Usually Eventually Adverbs as discourse markers (anyway, finally) Adverbs as short responses (definitely, certainly) Using adjectives and adverbs Afraid Alike Hard Long Only Same, similar, identical Likely and unlikely As well (as) Even Hardly Hopefully Surely Too Ultimately Easily confused words Above or over? Across, over or through? Advice or advise? Affect or effect? All or every? All or whole? Allow, permit or let? Almost or nearly? Alone, lonely, or lonesome? Along or alongside? Already, still or yet? Also, as well or too? Alternate(ly), alternative(ly) Although or though? Altogether or all together? Amount of, number of or quantity of? Any more or anymore? Anyone, anybody or anything? Apart from or except for? Arise or rise? Around or round? Arouse or rouse? As or like? As, because or since? As, when or while? Been or gone? Begin or start? Beside or besides? Between or among? Born or borne? Bring, take and fetch Can, could or may? Classic or classical? Come or go? Consider or regard? Consist, comprise or compose? Content or contents? Different from, different to or different than? Do or make? Down, downwards or downward? During or for? Each or every? East or eastern; north or northern? Economic or economical? Efficient or effective? Elder, eldest or older, oldest? End or finish? Especially or specially? Except or except for? Expect, hope or wait? Experience or experiment? Fall or fall down? Far or a long way? Farther, farthest or further, furthest? Fast, quick or quickly? Fell or felt? Female or feminine; male or masculine? Finally, at last, lastly or in the end? First, firstly or at first? Fit or suit? Following or the following? For or since? Forget or leave? Full or filled? Fun or funny? Get or go? Grateful or thankful? Hear or listen (to)? High or tall? Historic or historical? House or home? How is …? or What is … like? If or when? If or whether? Ill or sick? Imply or infer? In the way or on the way? It’s or its? Late or lately? Lay or lie? Lend or borrow? Less or fewer? Look at, see or watch? Low or short? Man, mankind or people? Maybe or may be? Maybe or perhaps? Nearest or next? Never or not … ever? Nice or sympathetic? No doubt or without doubt? No or not? Nowadays, these days or today? Open or opened? Opportunity or possibility? Opposite or in front of? Other, others, the other or another? Out or out of? Permit or permission? Person, persons or people? Pick or pick up? Play or game? Politics, political, politician or policy? Price or prize? Principal or principle? Quiet or quite? Raise or rise? Remember or remind? Right or rightly? Rob or steal? Say or tell? So that or in order that? Sometimes or sometime? Sound or noise? Speak or talk? Such or so? There, their or they’re? Towards or toward? Wait or wait for? Wake, wake up or awaken? Worth or worthwhile? Nouns, pronouns and determiners Determiners A/an and the Determiners (the, my, some, this) Determiners and types of noun Determiners: position and order Determiners: typical errors Determiners used as pronouns Every Possession (John’s car, a friend of mine) Such This, that, these, those Whole Nouns Nouns Nouns: form Nouns and prepositions Nouns: compound nouns Nouns: countable and uncountable Nouns: forming nouns from other words Nouns: singular and plural Uncountable nouns Accommodation Equipment Furniture Information Luck and lucky News Progress Weather Noun phrases Noun phrases: dependent words Noun phrases: order Noun phrases: uses Noun phrases: noun phrases and verbs Noun phrases: two noun phrases together Pronouns Pronouns Each other, one another Everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere It Gender No one, nobody, nothing, nowhere One One and one’s Pronouns: personal (I, me, you, him, it, they, etc.) Pronouns: possessive (my, mine, your, yours, etc.) Pronouns: reflexive (myself, themselves, etc.) Pronouns: indefinite (-body, -one, -thing, -where) Pronouns: one, you, we, they Relative pronouns Questions: interrogative pronouns (what, who) Someone, somebody, something, somewhere That Quantifiers A bit All Any Both Either Enough Least, the least, at least Less Little, a little, few, a few Lots, a lot, plenty Many More Most, the most, mostly Much, many, a lot of, lots of: quantifiers No, none and none of Plenty Some Some and any Question words How What When Where Which Who, whom Whose Why Using nouns Piece words and group words Comparison: nouns (more money, the most points) Nouns and gender Reported speech: reporting nouns Age Half Holiday and holidays Mind Opinion Promise Reason Sort, type and kind Thing and stuff View Way Work (noun) Prepositions and particles Prepositions Prepositional phrases Above After, afterwards Against Among and amongst As At At, in and to (movement) At, on and in (place) At, on and in (time) Below Beneath Beyond By During For For + -ing From In front of In spite of and despite In, into Near and near to Of On, onto Over To Under Until With Within Without Using English Collocation Functions Commands and instructions Commentaries Invitations Offers Requests Greetings and farewells: hello, goodbye, Happy New Year Suggestions Telephoning Warnings Numbers Dates Measurements Number Time People and places Geographical places Names and titles: addressing people Nationalities, languages, countries and regions Place names Place and movement Abroad Away and away from Back Inside Nearby Outside Up Politeness Reported speech Reported speech Reported speech: direct speech Reported speech: indirect speech Sexist language Spoken English Pronunciation Intonation Politeness Interjections (ouch, hooray) Tags Chunks Ellipsis Headers and tails Hyperbole Vague expressions Downtoners Hedges (just) Substitution All right and alright Please and thank you Here and there Just Kind of and sort of Oh So and not with expect, hope, think, etc. So Yes Anyway Discourse markers (so, right, okay) In fact Okay, OK Well You know You see Types of English British and American English Dialect Double negatives and usage Formal and informal language Newspaper headlines Register Slang Standard and non-standard language Swearing and taboo expressions Useful phrases According to Actual and actually Approximations (around four o’clock) At all Else Hear that, see that However, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whoever It’s time May as well and might as well More or less Of course Point of view Writing Apostrophe (’) Apposition Contractions Contrasts Detached impersonal style Internet discourse and text messages It, this and that in paragraphs Paragraphs Punctuation Speech into writing Spelling Such as Verbs Tenses and time Past Past simple (I worked) Past continuous (I was working) Past continuous or past simple? Past simple or present perfect? Used to Past perfect simple (I had worked) Past perfect continuous (I had been working) Past perfect simple or past perfect continuous? Past perfect simple or past simple? Past verb forms referring to the present Past: typical errors Present Present continuous (I am working) Present perfect continuous (I have been working) Present perfect simple (I have worked) Present perfect simple or present perfect continuous? Present perfect: typical errors Present simple (I work) Present simple or present continuous? Present: typical errors Present verb forms referring to the past Future Future: will and shall Future: be going to (I am going to work) Future: other expressions to talk about the future Future continuous (I will be working) Future in the past Future perfect continuous (I will have been working here ten years) Future perfect simple (I will have worked eight hours) Future: present continuous to talk about the future (I’m working tomorrow) Future: present simple to talk about the future (I work tomorrow) Future: typical errors Going to Verb forms Finite and non-finite verbs Imperative clauses (Be quiet!) Infinitives with and without to Infinitive: active or passive? Perfect infinitive with to (to have worked) Verbs: basic forms Verbs: formation Verb patterns Hate, like, love and prefer Hear, see, etc. + object + infinitive or -ing Help somebody (to) do Look forward to Stop + -ing form or to-infinitive Verb patterns: verb + infinitive or verb + -ing? Verb patterns: verb + that-clause Verb patterns: with and without objects Would like Would rather, would sooner Phrasal verbs and multi-word verbs Passive voice Get passive Have something done Passive: forms Passives with and without an agent Passive: uses Passive: other forms Passive: typical errors Modal verbs and modality Can Could Could, may and might Dare Had better May Might Modality: forms Modality: meanings and uses Modality: tense Modality: other verbs Modality: other modal words and expressions Must Need Ought to Shall Should Will Would Conditionals and wishes Conditionals Conditionals: if Conditionals: other expressions (unless, should, as long as) Conditionals: typical errors If only In case (of) Suppose, supposing and what if Wish Using verbs Verbs: types Verb phrases Verbs and verb phrases: typical errors Appear Ask and ask for Be Be expressions (be able to, be due to) Come Do Enable Enjoy Explain Get Go Happen Have Have got and have Hope Know Let, let’s Like Look Made from, made of, made out of, made with Make Marry and divorce Matter Mean Miss Prefer Put See Seem Suggest Take Think Want Table of irregular verbs Words, sentences and clauses Word classes and phrase classes Word formation Word formation Prefixes Suffixes Compounds Abbreviations, initials and acronyms -ish and -y Diminutives (-let, -y and mini-) Hyphens Word order and focus Word order and focus Word order: structures Cleft sentences (It was in June we got married.) Fronting Inversion No sooner Not only … but also Conjunctions and linking words And As if and as though As long as and so long as Because, because of and cos, cos of Before But Conjunctions Conjunctions: adding Conjunctions: causes, reasons, results and purpose Conjunctions: contrasting Conjunctions: time Either … or… If In order to Or Since Unless Whereas Whether While and whilst Yet Clauses and sentences Adjuncts Clauses Clauses: finite and non-finite Clause types Complements Dummy subjects Exclamations Heads Objects Sentences Subjects Subject complements Subject–verb agreement Relative clauses Relative clauses Relative clauses referring to a whole sentence Relative clauses: defining and non-defining Relative clauses: typical errors Negation Negation Neither, neither … nor and not … either Not Neither, neither … nor and not … either Not Forming negative statements, questions and imperatives Negation: two negatives Negative clauses with any, anybody, anyone, anything, anywhere Negation in non-finite clauses Negative prefixes and suffixes Negative adverbs: hardly, seldom, etc. Negation: emphasising Negation of think, believe, suppose, hope  Questions Questions: alternative questions (Is it black or grey?) Questions: statement questions (you’re over 18?) Questions: two-step questions Questions: typical errors Questions: wh-questions Questions: yes-no questions (Are you feeling cold?) Questions: follow-up questions Questions: echo and checking questions Questions: short forms

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